It cleanses the physical environment and the spiritual essence of the participants, removing negative energies or "doshic" influences.
The ceremony is typically performed by a qualified priest following these general steps: Vaasudeva Punyahavachanam Guide | PDF | Vishnu - Scribd
Sprinkling the sanctified water ( Prokshanam ) is believed to safeguard newborns and families from evil forces or drishti .